blue / papers.hotmobile2015-numerator · Commits

Commit 0818c6e0782176feb8767bf513013db525963503

Authored by Anudipa Maiti
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abstract.tex
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... ... @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ mobile devices. What is urgently needed is a way to put energy consumption in
7 7 context by measuring the value delivered by mobile apps. An accurate value
8 8 measure would enable cross-app comparison, app improvement, energy virus
9 9 detection, and effective runtime energy allocation and prioritization. Given
10   -that gains in modeling will be lost without a measure of value, we believe
  10 +that gains in modelling will be lost without a measure of value, we believe
11 11 that this is the most important open problem in energy management. Our paper
12 12 motivates the problem, describes requirements for a candidate value measure,
13 13 discusses possible inputs to such a metric, and presents result from a
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results.tex
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... ... @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ large dataset of energy consumption measurements collected by an IRB-approved
6 6 experiment run on the \PhoneLab{} testbed. \PhoneLab{} is a public smartphone
7 7 platform testbed located at the University at
8 8 Buffalo~\cite{phonelab-sensemine13}. 220~students, faculty, and staff carry
9   -instrumented Android Nexus~5 smartphones and receiv subsidized service in
  9 +instrumented Android Nexus~5 smartphones and receive subsidized service in
10 10 return for willingness to participate in experiments. \PhoneLab{} provides
11 11 access to a representative group of participants balanced between genders and
12 12 across a wide variety of age brackets, making our results more
... ... @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ looked better when their foreground usage was considered.
85 85 Finally, we the data we collected by instrumenting the
86 86 \texttt{SurfaceFlinger} and \texttt{AudioFlinger} components to compute a
87 87 simple measure of content delivery. We measure the audio and video frame
88   -rates and combine them into a single measure by using bitrates corresponding
  88 +rates and combine them into a single measure by using bit-rates corresponding
89 89 to a 30~fps YouTube-encoded video and 128~kbps two-channel audio, with the
90 90 weights representing the fact that a single frame of video contains much more
91 91 content than a single sample of audio. We use this combined metric as the
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usage.tex
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... ... @@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ respectively:
36 36 %
37 37 \begin{enumerate}
38 38  
39   -\item An adversary will require you to remove some number of apps from your
  39 +\item An advisory will require you to remove some number of apps from your
40 40 smartphone. Order the apps you are currently using from least important to
41 41 most important. The N least important apps will be removed.
42 42  
43 43 \item Your smartphone will require you to create an energy budget for the
44   -apps you use. During any discharging cycle, once an app runs out of energy
  44 +apps you use. During any discharging cycle, once an app runs out of energy quota
45 45 you will not be able to use it until you plug in your smartphone. Allocate
46 46 battery percentages to each app you use.
47 47  
... ... @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ the second experiment to make it more similar to the first, the adversary
54 54 could remove the apps consuming the least energy up to a given target.
55 55  
56 56 For our value measure we are hopeful that users will prove capable of
57   -assiging cardinal utilities to apps---as in the second experiment---since
  57 +assigning cardinal utilities to apps---as in the second experiment---since
58 58 this matches most directly with our proposed value measure and could provide
59 59 ground truth for a value measure computed automatically. The second
60 60 experiment also engages users directly in the task of allocating energy,
... ... @@ -85,10 +85,10 @@ The most powerful use of a value measure would be to compare apps by
85 85 comparing their energy efficiency, therefore overcoming the most critical
86 86 flaw in current attempts to compare or categorize apps by their energy
87 87 consumption alone~\cite{carat-sensys13}. Consider attempting to compare a
88   -chat client and videoconferencing app by only measuring their energy
  88 +chat client and video-conferencing app by only measuring their energy
89 89 consumption. Unless it is terribly written, the chat client will consume less
90 90 energy. But this does not mean that it is efficient, or that the
91   -videconferencing app is not. Ultimately, all the energy consumption
  91 +video-conferencing app is not. Ultimately, all the energy consumption
92 92 comparison truly reveals is that the two apps do different things---which we
93 93 knew.
94 94  
... ... @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ By computing value and, thus, energy efficiency, we can overcome these
104 104 weaknesses. A value measure should allow us to compare the efficiency of two
105 105 apps in different categories based on how efficiently they use energy to
106 106 deliver user value, making it possible to compare games to email clients to
107   -video players. Comparisons within the same app category shoud allow users to
  107 +video players. Comparisons within the same app category should allow users to
108 108 select the most efficient email client or web browser. Aggregating results
109 109 over all users, differences in app energy efficiency should reflect how well
110 110 the app is written and how well it predicts and adapts to users, not just
... ... @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ defer work on everything else.
132 132 A measure of app value makes it possible to produce a rigorous definition of
133 133 the term \textit{energy virus}: an app that produces little to no value per
134 134 joule. The choice of threshold will require some study, as it is unlikely
135   -impossible to produce a single efficiency cutoff that cleanly separates
  135 +impossible to produce a single efficiency cut-off that cleanly separates
136 136 malicious apps from ones that are merely poorly-written. Note also that this
137 137 definition of energy virus can be made on a per-user basis. This is important
138 138 since a non-malicious but poorly-written app that continues to consume energy
... ... @@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ However, all of these previous efforts have ignored the critical question of
154 154 mechanisms are, systems that rely on rates will fail if they provide the same
155 155 rate to Skype and Snapchat, or to a very efficient app and an energy virus.
156 156  
157   -A measure of value can be used alone or in conjuction with energy consumption
  157 +A measure of value can be used alone or in conjunction with energy consumption
158 158 to help prioritize limited energy resources. The simplest approach is to
159 159 attempt to enforce an energy allocation based on the relative value assigned
160 160 to each app. To encourage apps to be more energy efficient, it may also be
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